Index of texts in Textus Roffensis

This index of Textus Roffensis by Dr Christopher Monk provides links to translated texts (in bold), where available. Also see notes on translating the Old English and Latin texts. Where reference to the ‘original scribe’ is made, this refers to the anonymous scribe who copied by far the majority of the Textus around 1123. ‘Later hand’ and similar expressions thus refer to later scribes or annotators. Dates for the original individual documents (‘texts’) are provided in brackets where known. Folio numbers are given as either r (recto) or v (verso), meaning the front side and back side of a folio, respectively.

Three vellum leaves smaller than those of the twelfth-century manuscript were inserted at the beginning of the volume by Dr John Harris (c. 1666-1719) after the accidental submersion of Textus in the River Thames or Medway around 1716. The first inserted folio features several inscriptions copied from the previous cover of the manuscript by Harris, which possibly dated from the fourteenth-century rearrangement and rebinding of the quires around the time of Bishop Hamo of Hythe (c.1275-1352) .

The second folio leaf surrounds a portion of the previous bindings that had been annotated by Dean Balcanquel recording the loss and recovery of the manuscript around the time of the English Civil War.

The verso side of the final inserted leaf features a further note of ‘Arabick Numerals’ by Dr Harris and a set of ‘Saxon Characters’ by notable antiquarian Elizabeth Elstob (1683-1756).

Annotations of the original manuscript leaves include those by notable early legal scholar William Lambarde.

1r-118r. Institutes from the Laws of the Kings of the English

Jump to: 119r-234v Cartulary

The first three texts in the rearranged manuscript are the lawcodes from the kingdom of Kent, the earliest of the Old English legal codes that have survived.

1r-3v	Æthelberht’s Code, c. 600 CE1
	This text represents the oldest surviving text written in Old English, as well as the oldest English lawcode.
3v-5r	Hlothere and Eadric’s Code c. 679-6852
	Unique to Textus.
5r-6v	The Laws of Wihtræd, 6953
	Unique to Textus. Wihtræd’s law is more focused on church matters than the laws of his predecessors.
7r-7v	Hadbot
	Laws on compensation for injury to those in holy orders. Possibly Archbishop Wulfstan of York, 1002-1023.
7v-8v	West-Saxon Genealogical Regnal List
	One of two genealogies in Textus, this one recording a lineage from Christ to the early kings of the Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms.
9r-24v	Alfred’s Domboc (‘book of laws’) including Alfred’s Preface, after 893
	Within three sections, the first comprising a list of Alfred’s laws. The second, Alfred’s Preface, comprises a translation of most of chapters 20-23 of the book of Exodus (from the Old Testament of the Bible), which includes the Ten Commandments, and a rendering of apostolic law, including chapter 15 of Acts of the Apostles and two verses from the Gospel of Matthew (both from the New Testament of the Bible). The final section is Alfred’s own decrees.
24v-31v	Ine’s Code, c.7004
	Ine was King of Wessex from 689 to 726. Ine’s Code was originally appended to Alfred’s law-code.
31v-32r	Be blaserum and be morðslihtum (‘Concerning arsonists and murders’), probably 10th century
	Anonymous and undated, though bearing similarities in language and content to the codes during Æthelstan’s reign, 924-939.
32r	Forfang: a reward for retrieving stolen property
	Anonymous, probably 2nd quarter of the 10th century.td>
32r-32v	Trial by Ordeal
	Thought to be the earliest of the anonymous codes, this one concerns ordeals. Anonymous and undated, though bearing similarities in language and content to the codes during Æthelstan’s reign, 924-939. Known by its Old English title Ordal.
32v	Spoil of the Slain, probably late 10th century
	This anonymous lawcode fragment forbids the robbery of corpses. Possibly Scandinavian in origin as it uses the term niðing meaning ‘outlaw’.
32v-37r	Æthelstan’s Grately Code, c.924-939
	Æthelstan was King of the Anglo-Saxons from 924 to 927 and King of the English from 927 to his death in 939. This code’s main theme is thievery, but it also deals with treachery to lords, exchange and purchase, ordeals, witchcraft and punishment of slaves. Also known as II Æthelstan.
37r-38r	Æthelstan’s Exeter Code, c.927-939
	This code addresses fugitives from law and the corruption of reeves, promising to take strong action against those who defy the law. The code survives only in Textus and a 16th-century transcript. Also known as V Æthelstan.
38r	Æthelstan’s Thunderfield Code, c.939
	This addresses sanctuary for outlaws. This Old English version is unique to Textus, also known as IV Æthelstan.
38r	The King’s Peace, late 10th century
	This relates to physical boundaries or limits of the ‘King’s peace’. This Old English version is unique to Textus.
38v–39v	How to swear an oath
	Anonymous, unknown date. Concerns instructions for swearing an oath. Also known by its Old English title Swerian.
39v	Concerning the Mercian Oath
	Anonymous, but associated with Wulfstan, Archbishop of York, 1002-1023. This relates to the ranking of men by the value of their oaths. Also known by its Old English title Be Mirciscan Aðe.
39v	Concerning Laws of the Mercians
	Anonymous but associated with Wulfstan, Archbishop of York, 1002-1023. This provides information on the payment of wergild (the legal value set on a person’s life according to rank) within Mercian society. This text refers to a king’s wergild and therefore can be seen as old-fashioned, as kings in Mercia had long ceased by the time Wulfstan either wrote or emended the law-code, the last king being Ceolwulf II who died in 879. Also known by its Old English title Be Mircna Laga.
40r-41v	Peace of Edward and Guthrum
	This text is a forgery. It was not written, as it claims, in the time of King Alfred. Archbishop Wulfstan of York (1002-23) may possibly have fabricated this treaty in an attempt to seek security for the Church in northern England once he became archbishop by reaffirming traditional rights and penalties regarding church sanctuary, crimes in which the Church has an interest, the responsibilities of priests, tithes, fasting, Sunday-work, and sorcery.
41v-42r	Wergeld
	Another code concerning wergilds. Anonymous, probably after 946, as closely associated with Edmund’s Second Code, below.
42r-43r	Edward the Elder’s First code, c.901-24
	Edward the Elder was King of the Anglo-Saxons from 899 until his death in 924.
43r-44r	Edward the Elder’s Second Code (924-5)
44r-45r	Edmund’s First Code (942-6)
	The code’s chief concerns are ecclesiastical: clerical celibacy, church dues and alms, and restoration of church buildings.
45r-46r	Edmund’s Bloodfeud Laws (c. 943-6)
	Also known as Edmund’s Second Code, the code’s primary concern is the prevention of feuds.
46r-47r	Æthelred’s Woodstock Code (997)
	Represents the regulations produced by a royal council meeting at Woodstock that may have taken place in 997. It is largely concerned with criminal surety 'according to English law’, and appears to be paired with Æthelred’s Wantage code (III Atr), also produced in 997, that treats the areas of England that were under Danish law. Also known as I Æthelred.
47r-47v	King William’s Statute, c. 1066-87
	Concerns suits brought between Englishmen and Frenchman, and introduces to the English the Norman concept of trial by combat. This Old English version is unique to Textus. Also known by its Old English title Willelmes Cyninges Asetnysse.
48r-49v	Æthelred’s Wantage Code (997)
	This code was issued to the Five Boroughs of the Danelaw, its language contains a good deal of Scandinavian vocabulary. The code is chiefly concerned with the penalties for breach of peace, and includes regulations on the conduct of ordeals, arbitration and the clearance of condemned thieves. It includes perhaps the earliest description of a jury of presentment. This Old English version is unique to Textus, also known as III Æthelred.
49v-57r	Judgement of God
	Anonymous, date unknown. This relates to the three trials by ordeal, or ‘exorcisms’: boiling water, red-hot iron, and barley bread and cheese. Also known by its Latin title Iudicia Dei
57v	Cnut’s Charter for Christ Church, Canterbury (1023)
	Concerns the granting of the port of Sandwich and related water rights to Christ Church, Canterbury. Includes references to the arm of Saint Bartholomew, referring to a relic, a large cloak and Bartholomew’s gold crown.
58r-80r	The Institutes of Cnut (c.1066-1123)
	A Latin translation of Cnut’s Winchester code [I-II Cnut, c. 1023]; certain chapters from the laws of Alfred, Edgar, Æthelred; and various short anonymous treatises.
80r-81v	Articles of William I
	The text cannot wholly have been issued by William I, though some of the chapters may represent actual edicts of the king. The text treats issues of oath, murder fine, penalties, witnessing sales, proof based on ethnicity, suretyship, sale of slaves out of the country, and capital punishment (earlyenglishlaws.ac.uk).
81v-87v	Decretals of Pseudo-Isidore, c.925-950
	This text contains excerpts from the Decretals, an influential collection of forgeries, purported to be written by earlier popes, which defend the position of bishops from secular authorities. Mary P. Richards observes: ‘its inclusion at this point of the Rochester law book is most interesting: following the Ten Articles [of William] as it does, the text provides authority from canon law to accompany the new civil code, and thus provides a sign of the growing separation of civil from ecclesiastical law during William’s reign’ (Texts and Their Traditions in the Medieval Library of Rochester Cathedral Priory (1988), p. 49).
88r-92v	Æthelstan’s London Code (c. 930-40)
	This text is important for the history of guilds in London. This Old English version unique to Textus Roffensis, also known as VI Æthelstan.
92v-93r	Æthelstan modifies the penalties for theft (c. 930-39)
	This primarily relates to the age at which a thief could be executed. The scribe apparently has appended this to the previous code, perhaps not recognising its discreteness.
93r-93v	Geþincðo or Be wergildum 7 be geðinðum, early-11th-century
	This is a tract on the change of status, setting down what the criteria for social climbing had been in the past. It was seemingly composed by Archbishop Wulfstan of York (1002-1023) and the context is the social upheaval caused by the Viking attacks.
93v–94r	Laws of the Northumbrians, mid-10th-century
	Concerns wergilds for people in Northumbria. Also known by its Old English title Norðleod or Norðleoda Laga.
94v-95r	Concerning a woman’s betrothal, early-11th-century
	Also known by its Old English title Wifmannes beweddung.
95r	Charm for stolen livestock
	The instructions for giving the charm are written in Old English. The charm itself is a mixture of Latin and Old English and is quasi-Christian, incorporating references to the Cross of Christ and the names of the Old Testament figures Abraham and Job.
95r–95v	It he bequeathed, late-10th to early-11th centuries
	A formula for asserting the right to hold bequeathed land. Also known by its Old English title Hit becwæð.
96r-97v	Henry I’s Coronation Charter, 1100
	This is the earliest of the surviving copies; the original was published 5 August 1100.
98r-99v	Excommunication curse no. 8, 10th or 11th-century
	A formula for excommunication of criminals. Also known by its Latin title Excommunicatio VIII.
99v-100r	Excommunication curse no. 9
	Another excommunication formula, date uncertain. Also known by its Latin title Excommunicatio IX .
101r-101v	Genealogy of the West Saxon English Kings
	This traces the genealogy from Adam, through his good son Seth, then to various other Old Testament patriarchs, including Noah and his apocryphal son Scyf, who was apparently born on the ark! The genealogy finishes with Edward [the Confessor]. The kings of Mercia, Kent are listed, beginning with Æthelberht (II) son of Whitred, and finishing with the god Woden (Odin), as do several of the other genealogies. The following list follows the format of the previous, although the order is reversed and the list finishes with Christ.
105r-106v	Roman Popes
	Begins with Saint Peter and finishes with Celestine III (1191-98).
107r-107v	Byzantine Emperors
	As is traditional, the list starts with Constantine the Great, and it finishes abruptly with Leo III (717-741).
107v-108v	Bishops of Jerusalem
	There are spaces left at the end of some of the lists, apparently for updating names.
109r-109v	Bishops of Alexandria
109v-110r	Popes of Antioch
110v-116r	Lists of Archbishops of Canterbury and Bishops of England and Scotland
	Lists of the Archbishops of Canterbury and the Bishops of Rochester, London, Chichester, Winchester, Salisbury, Saint Albans, Wells, Exeter, Worcester, Cheshire, Leicester, Hereford, Lincoln, Norwich, York, Ripon, Durham and Casa Candida (Galloway, Scotland).
116v	List of twenty-four elders
	It is not known who these elders were, or the reason for this list.
116v	Popes responsible for introducing new forms of service into the liturgy
116v	Names of the seven archangels
	This is a copy of the brief Nomina archangelorum, a text probably earlier than the end of the 8th cent.
117r	Notes of liturgy added to the Mass by thee further popes
	A note on the service of Mass instituted by Popes Celestine, Telesphorus and Sixtus.

119r-234v. Cartulary

The second portion of Textus is the finest of the cathedral cartularies, or collections of charters. The portion also includes a number of miscellaneous records of use to the monks of St. Andrew’s.

119r-119v	Rochester Cathedral foundation charter; King Æthelberht grants land in Rochester
	Fraudulent charter, Campbell: ‘of the lowest authority’. Probably in part a fabrication, i.e. a ‘retrospective’ document devised to give legal rights otherwise unrecorded. (Forgeries are common amongst Anglo-Saxon charters.) However, there is the possibility that the Old English boundary clause is indeed very ancient. If this is the case, then the document contains the earliest record of street names and place names in English.
119v-120v	King Eadberht I of Kent grants ten sulungs* at Stoke in Hoo to St Andrew’s, Rochester; Æthelberht II of Kent confirms this, 738
120v-122r	King Æthelbald of Mercia allows the free access of a ship into London to St Andrew’s Rochester, 734; Berhtwulf of Mercia confirms this, c.845
	This is likely a copy of the extant ninth-century document, British Library, Cotton Charter, xvii.
122r-123r	King Sigered of Kent grants one and a half yokes at Rochester to Bishop Eardwulf (of Rochester) for enlarging the monastery, 762
123r-123v	King Eardwulf of Kent grants the right to pasture swine in three districts, 762 [for 747]
	Likely genuine, though note Campbell: ‘A charter on swine pasture alone is unusual.’
123v-125r	King Offa of Mercia grants twenty sulungs at Islingham, Kent, 764
125r-126v	Sigered, king of half Kent, grants twenty sulungs at Islingham, and the right to pasture swine in four districts, 761-764; confirmed by Eanmund of Kent
126v-127v	King Ecgberht II of Kent grants a village and two yokes of land in Rochester (765), confirmed by King Heaberht of Kent and Offa of Mercia
127v-129r	King Ecgberht II of Kent grants ten sulungs at Halling, with rights to pasture swine in five districts (765-785)
129r-130r	King Ecgberht II of Kent grants half a sulung and a marsh at Bromhey, Kent (778)
	Boundaries of meadows belonging to the estate are added in Old English. This was probably copied from the tenth-century single sheet document, British Library, Cotton Charters, viii. 34. Campbell: ‘This charter seems genuine, although the extant single sheet may be later than the time of grant, and in any event the boundaries are a subsequent addition.’
130r-130v	King Ecgberht II of Kent again grants half a sulung and a marsh in the same district (see above) (779)
130v-131r	King Æthelberht of Wessex and Kent (r. 860-866) grants land with similar boundaries to that granted in the cartulary’s opening charter, purported date 761
	Campbell, ‘The basis of this charter is obviously a charter of Æthelberht of Wessex (king of Wessex and Kent, 860-6) [...] The charter has been re-cast to appear to be a charter of 761, recording a grant to Bishop Deora of Rochester (elected c. 770). In the extant single-sheet copy [British Library, Cotton Charters, vi. 4], 761 has been altered to 781.’
131r-132r	King Offa of Mercia grants six sulungs at Trottiscliffe, Kent, with the right to pasture swine in three districts (788)
132r-133r	King Offa of Mercia grants a sulung at Bromhey, 789
133r-134r	King Offa of Mercia grants one and half yokes of land at Rochester for enlarging the monastery (789)
134r-135v	King Æthelberht II of Wessex grants, in return for money, eighty acres and half a village, and also a marsh, 860 [altered to 790])
	This is probably a copy of the extant tenth-century document, British Library, Cotton Charters, viii. 29. Campbell: ‘This is a crude forgery.The date was originally 860, and this suits the king and witnesses.But someone has learned (?from 14) the approximate date of Bishop Wærmund, and has altered the date to 790.Whoever altered the date no doubt knew that Æthelberht II of Kent was an eighth-century benefactor of Rochester, but he has still not made his date early enough for that king to be assumed to be the one involved.’
135v-136v	Coenwulf of Mercia and Cuthred of Kent grant to Swithun, minister, for his good service and his money, three sulungs and a fourth one nearby at Bromhey, with the use of a fishery and four swine-pastures, 801
	A note of Swithun’s bequest of the land to St Andrew’s follows.
136v-137r	Coenwulf of Mercia grants three sulungs at Rochester, with the use of six swine-pastures, 811
	Four of these swine-pastures are also named in the above charter.
137r-138v	Ecgberht of Wessex makes a general grant of privileges, 823
	Campbell: ‘This is a highly suspicious document. The title rex Anglorum [‘king of the English’] is not used by Ecgberht elsewhere, and the year and indiction do not agree. A vague, general grant of priviliges would be [of] most use in the post-Conquest disputes, and the document may be a forgery of that time.’
138v-139r	Ecgberht of Wessex grants four sulungs at Snodland and Holborough, with a mill, rights of gathering wood, and of pasturing swine in four districts, and a village (838)
	Campbell: ‘The form of this document is unusual. Some of the usual elements of the old English charter are missing; in particular there is no sanction. The document would seem to be an abbreviation of a charter.’ This is probably a copy of the extant, tenth-century document, British Libray, Cotton Charters, viii. 30. Note: At the start of the document, in the left margin, there is an annotation in Latin (much later hand) indicating that the exemplar can be found in the Cotton Library.
139r-139v	Æthelwulf of Wessex two sulungs at Holborough (841)
139v-140v	Æthelwulf of Wessex grants to his minister, Dunn, ten yokes of land and a village, together with rights in meadow, forest, and marsh near Rochester (855)
	Dunn’s will is added, in Old English.
140v-141v	Æthelred I of Wessex grants land partly within and partly to the north of Rochester (868)
	Probably genuine, but note Campbell: ‘This charter is of unusual form’.
141v-142v	Æthelwulf of Wessex grants three sulungs at Cuxton with the church of St Michael, 880
	Campbell: ‘This is a very doubtful charter. King Æthelwulf died in 858, but this charter is dated 880, the indiction agreeing. [...] the charter is [...] the work of a reckless compiler, who did not disturb himself to ascertain the dates of a king so well known as Æthelwulf, nor recall that 880 would fall in the reign of Ælfred the Great.’
143r-144r	Eadmund I grants three sulungs at Malling, Kent, 942-946
	Campbel: ‘This charter is perhaps founded on a contemporary one, but is not well preserved.
144r-147r	Will of Byrhtric and his wife Ælfswith, including bequests to St Andrew’s, Rochester, Christchurch, Canterbury, and St Augustine’s, Canterbury (975-987)
	Unique to Textus. Includes both Old English and Latin versions.
147r-150r	The history of the estate of Wouldham, Kent, from the time of Æthelberht II of Kent (r.748-762) to the time of Archbishop Dunstan (date: 964-988)
	This is probably a copy of the extant tenth-century document, British Library, Cotton Charters, viii. 20. Includes an Old English and Latin version.
150r-152r	Eadgar of Wessex grants ten sulungs at Bromley in return for money paid to himself and his præfectus Wulfstan (955)
	This is a copy of the extant, tenth-century document, British Library, Cotton Charters, viii. 33. : This charter, the Edgar charter, is one of several relating to the estate of Bromley, which was granted, according to another Rochester charter (not actually copied into the TR cartulary), by Æthelberht III to his servant Dryhtwald in 862. The monks of Rochester challenged this in a lawsuit. This Edgar charter aims to record the success of the suit, to ‘strengthen the claim of the priory to Bromley and the other estates involved’ (Campbell, p. xxiv). Campbell (p. xxv) describes the original compiler (not the TR scribe-copyist) of this retrospective record as incompetent. The document is dated 955 even though Edgar did not become king until 959. The list of signatures points to 973. Campbell further suggests that the original Edgar charter dates to 980-987.
152r–155r	Æthelred II restores six sulungs at Wouldham and one mansa at Littlebrook, 955
	Unique to Textus Campbell (p. xxvi) explains that this charter and two others below ‘are excellent examples of Æthelred’s typical charter, which is very long for an Old English charter, and usually adds to the usual charter elements a story to show how the land granted by the king had come into his possession. Sometimes also the king refers to his own youthful indiscretions, and especially to the manner in which bad counsellors had misled him.’
156v–159v	Æthelred II restores six sulungs at Bromley and the use of forest in the Weald (998)
	Campbell (p. xxvii) explains that the king says he is restoring Bromley to Rochester. ‘He had previously robbed the priory of it cruelly and ignorantly, and especially because of the instigation of Æthelsige, who among other offences murdered the king’s reeve.’
159v–162r	Æthelred II grants fifteen hides at Fen Stanton and Hilton, Hunts., 1012
	The story of the fall of Ealdorman Leofsige is recounted in this document, an event recorded in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle for 1002. As Campbell (p. xxvii) points out, the charter’s version adds to the account the part played by Æthelflæd, the sister of Leofsige.
162v-163v	History of the Æhtemen (‘Farmers’) in Wouldham, after 1066
164v-167r	The Rochester Bridgework List, c.1120
	Latin and Old English versions of the charter detailing the requirements for the upkeep of Rochester Bridge.
168r-170v	The Trial of Penenden Heath (c. 1090)
170v-171r	William I affirms his grant of Freckenham (in Suffolk) to Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury, 1071
171r-172v	Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury confirms the grant of Freckenham to the church of Saint Andrew’s, Rochester (1087)
172v-173r	Lanfranc grants Fawkham (in Kent) to St Andrew’s, Rochester
173r-174v	William II grants the manor of Haddenham to Bishop Gundulf for which, in return, Gundulf builds Rochester Castle
174v-175r	William I grants liberties from the time of King Edward (the Confessor)
175r	Agreement made in the presence of Lanfranc between Gundulf and Gilbert concerning land held by Gilbert, 1086-1088
175r-176v	The dispute between Bishop Gundulf and Pichot, sheriff of Cambridge, occurred between 1077-97
177r-178r	List of grants from the time of the foundation by King Æthelberht to Henry I (604-1100)
179r	Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury (from 1093-1109) grants privileges related to the land of the church at Northfleet
179v	Radulfus, Archbishop of Canterbury (from 1114-1122) confirms his predecessor’s grant of privileges relating to Northfleet, and adds further grants relating to land at ‘Gudelffeld’ (Guddlefield?)
179v-180r	William, Archbishop of Canterbury (from 1123-1136), grants in perpetuum the privileges related to the land of the church at Northfleet, and confirms Henry I’s grant of the privileges relating to the church at Boxley (Kent)
181r	William II confirms Countess Goda’s gift of the manor at Estuna
181v	William II confirms his steward Haimo’s gift of the church at Dartford
181v-182r	Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury (1093-1109), grants privileges related to the land of the church at Northfleet, including fishing rights
182r-182v	William II confirms Roger Bigot’s gift of the Church of St Felicity, Walton (Suffolk)
182v	William II confirms Gilbert of Tunbridge’s gift of the church at Rethavelda (Sussex)
182v-186v	List of individual benefactors and description of their donations
185v	An agreement between Bishop Gundulf and Haimo, son of Vitalis, (aka Hamo Dapifer) made in the presence of Archbishop Anselm concerning privileges relating to the church at Stourmouth, 1093-1108
186v	Henry I grants the church, land, and tithing rights at Chillesford along with resources and tithing rights of various other churches
186v-187r	Henry I dedicates various churches and their lands and resources, incl. Dartford
187r	Henry I grants protection of fishing rights in the Thames
187r-187v	Henry I confirms Gausfridas Talebot’s gift
187v	Henry I’s commemoration of the feast of St Paulinus
187v-188r	William d’Albini, cupbearer to Henry I, grants various resources of the village of Elham
188r-188v	Henry I’s confirmation of the grant of Elham
188r-191v	List of benefactors to St Andrew’s, Rochester
191v	Hugh, in agreement with his wife Emma and his sons, grants land at Southgate
191v–192r	Goldwin ‘the Greek’ grants land for the expansion of the cemetery
191r-192v	Robert, son of King Henry I, grants land.
192v	Agreement with Coc concerning land in Rochester, 1115-1124
192v	Grant by Godwin of half his abode
192v	Agreement with Gosfrid Petit concerning land at Rochester, possibly after 1115
193r	Agreement with Geldewine the moneyer concerning land at Rochester, 1115-1124
193v	An agreement made between the reeve of Frindsbury and the citizens of Rochester, commuting the customary payment of malt and meal for a rent of six pence from each property, possibly later than 1115
193v	Note on the bishop’s provisions from the church at Northfleet
194v	Note concerning Geoffrey of Delce’s grant of 30 acres near Prestefield in order for his son to become a monk
195r	Godric de Delce grants an annual tithing
195r-195v	A settlement agreed between Herebert of Delce and the monks of Rochester concerning the land given to the monks by Herebert's father (1108-24)
196r–196v	Bishop Gundulf’s arrangements for the monk’s clothing
196v–197r	Bishop Ernulf grants privileges and lands
197r	Bishop Ernulf grants funds for building and maintenance
197r-197v	Bishop Ernulf sets up an alms house in honour of Gundulf
197v	Ansgot de Rochester grants tithing from Delce and other privileges.
198r-198v	Election of Avice as the first abbess of Malling, 1108
198v	Henry de Port grants financial gifts to the almshouse, 1108
198v-199v	The cleric Ralf (Radulfus) concedes land adjoining the Rochester monks’ cemetery, as well as money, to settle a feud with Ernulf
199v-200r	Goldwine, priest of Rochester, grants a half burgage pertinent to Frindsbury
200r	Ælfwine grants a half burgage pertinent to Borstal
200r	Godric, son of Ælwine, brother of Ælric the priest, gives a half burgage of the king’s land
200v-201r	An agreement made with the wife of Robert Latimer concerning land in Frindsbury
201v-202v	List of various donors and their gifts
203r	Confirmation of privileges to Rochester by Archbishop William de Corbeil, 1123-1136
203v-204r	Judgment of Imar of Tusculum in favour of the monks of St Andrew’s, 1144
204v-205r	Confirmation of privileges by Archbishop Theobald of Bec, 1139-1161
206r-208r	Bull of Pope Eugene, 1146
209r-210r	A version of the Domesday account of the Rochester fief
210r–210v	William I gives one hundred pounds shortly before his death
210v	An agreement between Bishop Gundulf and Eadmer concerning property in London (1077-1108)
211r-211v	William II grants land in connection with the Church of St Mary’s at Lambeth
211v–212r	Bishop Gundulf affirms his release to William II of land at Borstal in exchange for three acres of land which were originally granted by bishop Odo as garden for the monks
211v	William II grants land in connection with Cetenham
211v-212r	Gundulf affirms the grant of land by Odo, Bishop of Bayeux
212r-213r	William II grants his manor at Hedenham, held by Archbishop Lanfranc; confirmation by Lanfranc
213r-213v	Bishop Gundulf confirms a grant by Gilbert the priest of three hides at Haddenham in exchange for Gilbert entering the monastic life
213v-214v	The account of Gilbert entering the monastic life
215r-216r	List of royal donations from the year 738, starting with Æthelberht II of Kent, to the reign of William II (r. 1087-1100)
217r	Record of knights/soldiers of the episcopate
218r-220r	Henry I confirms the division of lands and privileges between the monks and the bishop at Rochester, followed by a confirmation by Archbishop Anselm, and one by Bishop Gundulf, 1103
220r	A note of the funds due the Bishop of Rochester for his episcopal services in the absence of the Archbishop
220v-222r	Church payments for chrism oil
222r-223v	Offices and masses to be said for members of monastic houses in confraternity with Rochester
224r-230r	Catalogue of Rochester Priory library
230v	Ernulf of Chelsfield confirms the gift of Pivindene and Godriscesdune, 1143
232r	Agreement with Stephanus Bidel concerning tithing
232v-234r	Watch and ward list, 1337
	A list of watches and wards appointed to guard the Kentish coast.
234v	Largely illegible list of rents in a later hand. Sawyer includes this as part of the above, but this seems unlikely.

The final vellum folio of the manuscript (235r) features an R within a ringed cross, presumably for Rochester/Roffensis, accompanied by a faint outline image of what might be a skull. There are several short but largely illegible inscriptions.

Footnotes

1 Æthelberht was King of Kent from about 589 until his death in 616.

2 The rubrics of the laws of Eadric and Hlothere indicate that they should be dated to the period of their joint rule 679-685. However, it is possible that the text represents a conflation of laws issued separately by the two kings (Hlothere r. 673-685; Eadric r. ca. 679-686).

3 Wihtred was king of Kent from about 690 until his death in 725.

Glossary

Select names to open tagged texts.

Kings

Note this list does not include kings named within the King Lists but not references elsewhere in Textus.

Æthelberht I, king of Kent from c. 589 to 616 AD. Issuer of Æthelberht’s Code and donor of the land on which the Cathedral was constructed in 604, recorded in the Foundation Charter.

Hlothere, king of Kent from 673 to 685. He may for a time to have reigned jointly with his nephew Eadric, with whom Hlothere and Eadric’s Code is recorded as being issued.

Eadric, king of Kent from 685 to 686. He may for a time to have reigned jointly with his uncle Hlothere, with whom Hlothere and Eadric’s Code is recorded as being issued.

Ine, king of Wessex from 689 to 726. Issuer of Ine’s Code.

Wihtræd, king of Kent from 690 or 691 to 725. Issuer of Wihtræd’s Code.

Æthelbald, king of Mercia from 716 to 757.

Eadberht I, king of Kent 725 to 748. Son of Wihtred. Reigned jointly with his brothers Æðelberht II and Ælfric. Issuer of

Eardwulf, king of Kent from 747 to 765.

Offa, king of Mercia from 757 to 796.

Sigered, king of Kent in 762. Reigned jointly with Eadberht II.

Heaberht, king of Kent in 765 and 764.

Ecgberht II, king of Kent, flourished in 765 and 779.

Coenwulf, king of Mercia from 796 to 821.

Cuthred, king of Kent from 798 to 807.

Ecgberht, king of Wessex from 802 to 839.

Æthelwulf, king of Wessex from 839 to 858.

Æthelberht, king of Wessex and Kent from 860-866.

Æthelred I, king of Wessex from 865 to 871.

Alfred, king of the West Saxons from 871 to c. 886 and King of the Anglo-Saxons from c. 886 until his death in 899.

Guthrum, king of East Anglia from 879 to possibly 890.

Edward the Elder, king of the Anglo-Saxons from 899 until his death in 924.

Æthelstan, king of the Anglo-Saxons from 924 to 927 and King of the English from 927 to his death in 939.

Edmund, king of the English from 939 to 946.

Eadgar, king of Wessex from 959 to 975.

Edward, king of the English from c. 962 to 978. Commonly known as Edward the Martyr.

Æthelred, king of the English from 978 to 1013 and again from 1014 until his death in 1016. Commonly known as Æthelred the Unready.

Cnut, king of England from 1016, king of Denmark from 1018, and King of Norway from 1028 until his death in 1035, the three kingdoms known collectively as the North Sea Empire.

Edward the Confessor, king of the English from 1042 to 1066.

William I, king of England from 1066 to 1087. The first Norman king of England, commonly known as William the Conquerer.

William II, commonly known as William Rufus, king of England 1087-1100 with powers over Normandy and Scotland.

Henry I, king of England from 1100 to his death in 1135.

Church officials

Augustine, Archbishop of Canterbury from 597 to 604.

Justus, first bishop of Rochester, from 604 to 624. Later archbishop of Canterbury.

Paulinus, bishop of Rochester from 633 to 644. Later Archbishop of York. Canonized after his death.

Eardwulf, bishop of Rochester from 747 to between 765 and 772.

Deora, bishop of Rochester from between 765 and 772 to between 781 and 785.

Wærmund, bishop of Rochester from between 781 and 783 to 803/804

Beornmod, bishop of Rochester from 804 to between 842 and 844.

Cuthwulf, bishop of Rochester from between 845 and 868 to between 868 and 880.

Swithwulf, bishop of Rochester from between 868 and 880 to between 893 and 896.

Burhric, bishop of Rochester from between 933 and 934 to between 946 and 964

Dunstan, Archbishop of Canterbury from 959 to 988.

Ælfstan, bishop of Rochester from before 964 to between 994 and 995

Godwine I, bishop of Rochester from c. 995 to c.1013.

Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury from 1070 to 1089.

Odo, Earl of Kent, died in 1097. For some years was a trusted royal minister. Commonly known as Odo of Bayeux.

Gundulf, bishop of Rochester from 1075 to 1108. Founder of the Benedictine Priory of Saint Andrews.

Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury from 1093 to 1109

Avice, abbess of Malling, flourished 1108.

Ernulf, bishop of Rochester from 1114 to 1124, during which Textus was copied c.1123.

Radulf, Archbishop of Canterbury from 1114 to 1122. Also known as Ralph d'Escures.

William de Corbeil, Archbishop of Canterbury from 1123 to 1136.

Theobald of Bec, Archbishop of Canterbury from 1138 to 1161.

Eugene III, Roman Pope from 1145 to 1153.

Hamo de Hythe, bishop of Rochester from 1317 to 1352.